Thursday, 26 April 2012

Audience Feedback

As part of my research into my magazine i was able to get some Audience Feedback from some piers in my classs.

I decided to ask three people in the end so that my results would vary a bit, as using one could be biased, and this improves the quality of my results. The questions that i had put down were based around  my target audience, and also for a little bit of Research, this allowed me to see if i had chosen the correct target audience.

The way in which my questions were answered would be able to help me know if they are the same as my Imaginary entity would, and if they did, it would mean that the people doing the feedback were the same as my target audience, that would then mean that i had chosen the correct target audience.

From the answers that I was given, I could conclude that about 70% of the answers that my audience feedback had come back posotive, so from this I am reasured that i have chosen my target audience wisely, and accurately.

If the Answeres that I had recieved had fallen below 50% I would have had to change certain aspects of my magazine etc so that it would  then start to match my target audience, however I didn't have to deal with this problem, as I managed to recieve over 70% Correct feedback.

Contents Page

Sunday, 22 April 2012

Magazine Case Study



1.    Decide upon a magazine
I will be starting a case study today to research about magazines and how they’re run, such as how long the magazine has been in publication, how much the magazine makes per release (Circulation figures), how it fares against it’s competitor magazines and many other different aspects of the magazine industry and the way in which it operates.
The magazine that I’ll be using is Kerrang! Magazine, as Kerrang! is a music magazine, and the magazine that I’m currently producing is also a music magazine.
Kerrang! has been in publication since June 6, 1981 and was intended as a one off extra to go with a newspaper called ‘Sounds Newspaper’, Kerrang! Was initially devoted to the raise in British Heavy Metal music, and Rock music, however the popularity of the one off extra grew much more than expected and by 2000’s had become the bestselling British music newspaper, Kerrang! Has featured many famous faces on the cover over the years from artists and musicians such as; Angus Young, Slipknot, My Chemical Romance, 30 Seconds To Mars, Disturbed, and many other Metal/Rock artists.
Being such a major magazine, It’s estimated that the magazine reaches 43,033 people with each issue distributed, and the figure hasn’t really wavered in the year so far (March 1st), Kerrang! Is also the bestselling music magazine in Britain.



2.     The magazine’s publisher

Kerrang! Is currently being published by Bauer Media Group, however it wasn’t always published by BMG, originally it was produced by ‘United Newspapers’ who sold Kerrang! To EMAP Ltd, EMAP Ltd is a major British media company who specialise in Business-to-Business magazines. BMG still produce Kerrang! Magazine, however they don’t run the Kerrang! Radio station, Kerrang! Radio is run by EMAP LTD, which are based in Birmingham, UK, started in 2000 Kerrang! Was just a playback station that re run music tracks nonstop, however in 2004 it was launched as 105.2, and this was the start of the official radio station. Kerrang! TV was launched in 2001 by EMAP, and was like it’s radio counterpart, playing mainstream rock music from artists like Guns n Roses, ACDC, & Aerosmith, however now Kerrang! TV is owned by BMG and Channel 4.
BMG has become more diverse with their cross media ownership in recent years, they now own several radio stations and music channels, as well as magazines, they operate in over 15 countries, however they’re based in Hamburg Germany.

3.    Convergence and Synergy
Both BMG and Channel 4 are owners of the Kerrang! Music channel, between these companies there must be a good form of synergy, this is because they would both need to have a good form of communication and work so that they could collectively run the music channel. Having good synergy is a interest between both businesses because it helps them to run a much more effect music channel, which could in turn profit both sides of the owners.

4.    Technological convergence and consumption
Kerrang! Is Britain’s most popular rock music radio station, so trying to stay on top of all it’s competition, Kerrang! Has to expand it’s company in as many ways as possible, so that It may reach out to a much wider audience, which would bring in more customers and listeners, keeping them on top.
One way that Kerrang! Have done this is by increasing the amount of ways that you can access their products, such as on the website, Kerrang!s website is a fully functional  updated frequently, useful source of information for people who want to be able to catch up and read on the websites as well as when they’re done with the newest magazines, the website also allows you to be able to buy a virtual version of the magazine, so that you can read it on your computer or tablet.
The website (http://www.kerrang.com) has a lot of promotion about its newest magazine on it, and not just its newest magazines, it also promotes many of its previous magazines that have been released, giving the person browsing the opportunity to have a look at all the different front covers, and also the chance to read a short couple of paragraphs giving a small amount of information on what each of the magazines have to offer inside each issue. The website also allows you to download issues of the magazine electronically, so that you can read the magazines on your computer of tablet, this helps the company to increase sales as their product has become more available across more platforms.
The magazine is available across 4 platforms, That’s Magazine, E reader, Tablet, & PC.
Some of the benefits of releasing the online publication of the magazine is that it opens a whole new audience for the company, because there’s a much higher possibility that people are going to be able to find the magazine and start to read/purchase it, compared to if they didn’t have any online aspects.
Some of the drawbacks from having an online publication is that the company could lose money from it aswell, as many people could simply download the magazine then re upload it to the internet for free, this means other people could effectively read the whole magazine online for free and they would never have to pay for it, this could cause a loss in revenue for the company because of the amount of people who would be reading it for free when it’s a paid for service.

5.    Relationship between encoder and decoder
Today it’s become much more common for the Encoder to ask decoders to give them their suggestions, what they thought of this weeks magazine, or what they think on a certain subject, Kerrang! Manages to do this with their website, if you sign up to become a member of the Kerrang! website, they then allow you to write comments and reviews on the different magazines and articles that they’ve posted onto their website. I feel that it’s important that Kerrang! Do this because it enables their decoders to feel like they can share their opinion on what they think should be able to get into the magazine, and so that they can share their thoughts on articles and stories within the magazine, this gives the decoder the chance to get more involved with a magazine that they love, and this can also help the encoder with some material, as it allows them to be able to read through ideas and suggestions that the decoders may have, and some of them could be used in the next issue of the magazine, this makes the life of the encoder easier and also gives the decoder satisfaction as they’re able to see something that they may have suggested featured in an article in the magazine that they enjoy reading.
The user generated content can be a vast help for the magazine, as it helps for them to build up content, and they don’t have to come up with the ideas for the content completely themselves, user generated content can be helpful on both the side of the encoder and the decoder, as it loosens up the amount of work needed to be done by the encoder, which gives more time for other improvements, and also gives the decoder the feeling that they’ve contributed to the magazine.



6.    Content
Magazine producers have to be able to catch the attention of their target audience so that they can increase sales of their media product, some of the ways in which they try to attract their target audience is by setting out their front cover in a way that would catch the eye and keep the interest of the target audience without having to give too much of the stories away, so that it could entice the person who’s noticed the magazine to want to buy it, the use of semiotics on the front cover can completely change/decide if the magazine is going to be successful or unsuccessful, such examples are when a magazine such as rolling stones, has an article inside featuring a famous artist, they would then place the picture of the artist on the front cover, and it would take up the vast majority of the magazine front cover, this use of semiotics is likely to instantly catch the eye of the target audience as it’s a musician that they could be very fond of, or very curios to who it is as they’re on the front cover, this could greatly increase interest within the magazine straight away.
Another way that the encoder could try to catch the attention of his target audience would be to place an offer or a giveaway on the front of the magazine, this offer or giveaway can also catch the eye of the target audience, as you would not only get the magazine if you purchased it, you would also be getting something extra, and everyone likes free products, this could also help to act as an incentive for the person to buy the product, as they would be getting more than just the product, they could be getting a free CD, or a free website subscription, or something along the lines of that.
As well as offers within the magazine, some magazines also offer extras for their website, such as more points for their websites currency system, or a free song download from the website, this helps the website get more sales and possibly more customers, and doesn’t cost them much extra at all to provide as it’s all digital, so they do not have to pay more on the distribution costs.
Kerrang! Does a lot of competition and magazine offers such as posters, (Shown in the picture below of Kerrang! Magazine)  this helps them to get new customers, and keep their regular customers happy, as they’re able to enjoy the magazine, and get free products and the chance to win rare products, this incentive is a good way to keep their current customers happy, and to attract new customers, they also allow for members of the website to go online and share their thoughts and opinions on the newest release magazines, so that they can give feedback and share with other people who buy and read the magazine what they thought of anything within the magazine.

Magazine Evaluation


  1. In what ways does your media product use, develop or challenge forms and conventions of real media products?

Some of the ways that my media product uses some forms and conventions of a real media product are visible on the front cover of my work. The front cover that I had made has tried to suit the mainstream way in which top range rock magazines today are produced, such as the way in which the text is laid out on the front page, this is a common theme among rock magazines. Some of the fonts that I used on the front of my media product are there to suit the style of what the word itself spells, such as the Title Amp-lified is in a waved style of writing that’s smooth, this is semiotic of the waves of an amp and is fitting because it’s suited to the target audience who are interested in music, the words Amp-lified is a play on words as amps are used by guitars.
I had the title black and on a black background as it helps to catch the eye of anyone who may walk past the product, this helps to get the magazine noticed. I also put the Free 2 months subscription sticker on the front cover, as I noticed whilst doing research into a lot of top magazines such as Kerrang! And Rolling stones magazine also included products and offers on the front page, so to add authenticity I added a sticker to the front of my magazine.
After the texts and fonts I had to decide on a cover picture for my front page, for this I decided to go with a model playing a guitar, so that it would make it fairly obvious that it was a music magazine, and I decided that I would saturate the image back to black and white, as it added more of a professional feel to the front cover, this made the front cover look much better as a product.
Also in my Double Page Spread I was able to make the writing bend around a photo based in the middle of the page of my guitarist as a colour outline playing guitar, as this centres the attention onto the artist, who even though isn’t viewable by features, is still able to be identified as being the guitarist on the main cover, and this adds a really rock feel to it as he’s playing guitar, also I had the font change colour throughout the interview so that whenever the model is answering his interview questions it was easy to distinguish that it is him talking, and allows fans who would want to read the main interview part of the article to be able to just read that part.
My Contents page I feel follows a very rock feel to the magazine, as it contains a slightly faded image of a guitar that spans the whole of the back page, yet doesn’t obstruct the writing on the page so that you’re still able to easily read what’s on each of the pages, as it all fits in together very well, it gives a very clear idea that the magazines a mainly rock and guitar Magazine, this is also accompanied by the faded out Amp, which helps to give the image to the reader that the magazines completely music orientated, if they hadn’t got that yet, also that because the music’s the only visible image on the page, that the only thing in the magazine would be Music.
  1. How does your media product represent particular social groups?
My product helps to represent a particular social group because the model that I chose to use is 18 years old, this helps to give the representation that the magazine is based for a younger generation. The use of the model I used is a plane model playing his guitar, completely focused on playing his guitar, and not giving the old stereotype that all rock and roll stars are into sex, drugs, & Rock and roll, and to help build a much more positive opinion of the younger generation. And for those who do fall to drugs it shows that it’s possible to get help and get off any drugs, and that drugs don’t have to be the answer to stress, as it shows a member of the band who did turn to drugs, but was able to go to rehab and completely turn his life around with help, this also helps to build a good image that the younger people would be willing to stop their life from going down hill, and to instil some hope in their life’s, building a good image of the band, and younger generations.
My magazine would be aimed at middle class, to lower middle class families, as the artists that I have on the magazine don’t look all glammed up Hollywood rock and roll party goers, they come across as 2 normal people, who enjoy to play their instruments, this is so that people are more likely to be able to relate to the artists, and can be able to read about people who could be more around their age group, so this should increase people from this age group who would be willing to buy and read the magazine.
And because a lot of these semiotics, it’s very important that the decoders who would be buying the magazines, are able to see this magazine on a shop shelf and take interest with the magazine above the other magazines that could be displayed, this would help them to be able to find a greater interest in the magazine, and could help them to decide that it would be the best choice for them to get. Being the Encoder of the magazine, I had to have my own idea of what the target audience that I would want it to be aimed at would look like, and what I would think that they would want to see, so I couldn’t have semiotics like Fender guitars and top of the line cloths and gorgeous models, so I chose the pictures that I used from a bunch of pictures that I was supplied with so that It would show the semiotics that I needed it too.
I feel that I was able to send a very good message through the semiotics, this is shown in most of the pictures, from the front page, where the artist is sitting next to his Amp, playing on his guitar, the image is very basic, and he’s not surrounded by loads of expensive products and expensive guitars, and the other picture on the front page shows a very plane faced ‘Chris’ on his way to recovery from drugs, this shows that they’re normal people, who are just as able to come off the ‘right tracks’ and are able to pick themselves back up and get right back on with their lives, showing they’re normal people, just like everyone els.

3.    What kind of media institution might distribute your media product and why?
For my Media product, I believe that it would be sold in supermarkets and small franchises, such as one stop, or premier. This is because of the target audience that I had originally imagined, my target audience was younger people, both male and female between the ages of 16-25, and because of this age range, supermarkets and franchise stores are the most common places that people of this age are likely to visit regularly, which would then make it possible for them to be able to buy the magazine frequently, and also be more likely that more people might see the magazine and purchase it, such as parents looking for something for their children etc. Supermarkets and franchise stores are also good for distribution because people will frequently visit these stores for grocery shopping or drinks, this means that a lot of people are going to pass through the shops, increasing chances of being noticed much more than if it was sold in a book shop or a library, so I feel it would be the most appropriate place for the distribution of the magazine.
  1. Who would be the audience for your media product?

The Magazine that I created was aimed mainly towards younger males, who were either musicians, or were interested/enjoyed Rock music, however it could also be for females who enjoy the music, as the magazine would be for just lovers of the rock genre. The audience that I imagined would be between the ages 16-25, so that they could still be in education/university, or working, and would be a keen music enthusiast, this would help to make for the ideal target audience, as I can slightly relate to my imaginary entity, this allows me to be able to give a fairly good idea on what I would want the magazine to look like and be able to catch the eye and draw in the ideal audience that I would want to read my magazine.

Whilst I was trying to get information from people so that I could further expand my ideas and experience with the magazine, I handed out a few questionnaires, so that I could later use them as a reference when I was later on through designing the magazine, to see if there was anything that I thought should be changed on the covers etc, the Questionnaires helped me to create a ‘Lifestyle profile’ for my imaginary entity, and to further form a vision of what I thought the person would like.

Through the use of this ‘lifestyle profile’  I was then able to be able change some of my ideas that I had thought would be good originally, and later decided that it wouldn’t be the best of ideas,  one example of this is changing the picture to greyscale, as I felt that based on the feedback that I had received from my questionnaires I decided that I would put the image in greyscale, because it could add more of a rock theme to the magazine, this gave the front cover a different feel when you looked at it, a much more rock feel, with a rougher touch at the end.

I got the feeling that the questionnaire that I had to hand out was vastly successful, it allowed me to be able to make some changes to my magazine for the better that without taking the questionnaire, I wouldn’t  of been able to make, as I ended up completely changing my front cover, and being able to improve it so much more than what it was at, when I decided to start again.


  1. How did you attract/address your audience?
When I started to design my media product, being the encoder I had to have an idea of some of the characteristics that I would want my audience to have, and from these characteristic’s I was then able to form an imaginary entity. From this imaginary entity, I was able to start working my ideas into a magazine that I thought my imaginary entity would like, as my imaginary entity was the exact idea of what my target audience were, I was then able to start to decide how I could use different semiotics to then catch the eye of my target audience, and from the questionnaire that I had handed out I was able to use that feedback to be able to start improving all of my ideas, and improving them around all the feedback and my target audience, this way I could start to make a magazine that would attract the attention of people similar to my imaginary entity, with roughly the same income and same interests. When it comes to the front cover of the magazine, I chose to have 2 pictures, one main picture that showed who my main focus of the magazine would based around, the artist I used was a friend of mine, so I could get the artist to look how I would want him too, so I chose to have him dressed in simple cloths, and using a not so expensive guitar, the reasons for this are because I wanted the magazine to be based around a middle class to lower middle class audience, with a mid to low range income, and this helped to paint that image for my audience as he’s dressed in every day cloths, and is just enjoying playing on his guitar, like any regular musician would, this helped to give a more authentic feel, and the greyscale that was used in the picture helps to paint the image that not everything in the world is perfect.
On the contents page, I used 2 images that I lowered the opacity of, so that they would blend easily into the background of the page. I did this so that it planted the thought in the persons head that the magazine was very music based, as the images are a guitar and Amp, because you view the contents page before any other part of the magazine interior, I thought that the semiotics of the images were acting as a buildup effect, that would get you ready for the main article, as the main article is always the main reason that people would usually buy a magazine, as it has something interesting to them that they would be willing to purchase to read about. The language that’s used throughout the magazine is found to be very casual/formal, as it has a lot of interviewing in the main article, however I don’t think that this is a bad thing because this then enables my target audience to feel more familiar with the language that’s used, as it’s based on ages 16-25.
When it comes to the interview section, I decided to change the color of the text for the artists response to some questions, this made it much easier for people to be able to distinguish between the interviewer and the interviewee, so that it was much easier to find the interviewing section of the article, compared to the lead up to it. And I decided to make the writing bend around the color scale picture of the artist, this is semiotic to show that he’s the center of attention around the interview, this helps to keep focus on who’s being interviewed in the magazine.



  1. What have you learnt about technologies from the process of constructing this product?
Throughout the creation of my media product, I’ve come across a few new programs which I have had some mixed feelings about.
The first of the new programs that I come across was called Corel Draw, Corel Draw is a common design tool among some companies, and is used a lot when editing magazines, it has many tools and options that allow for a great level of customization, and changing the appearance of the text, or the way the pictures are shaped. I first took an attempt at using Corel Draw to design and create my front cover, however I come across many problems when I was trying to design my front cover.
The first design of my front cover couldn’t wasn’t very clear and was a bit messy, in all the quality of the cover was low, and not worth keeping, as my grade showed at the time. So I was able to get some feedback from class mates, comments such as “Could be more focused on the main artist” And that the colors didn’t blend well. From this feedback I was reassured that Corel Draw wasn’t the software for me, as I lacked any skills in using it, and wasn’t very good at learning how to use the software. From the first draft I was sure that it had been a complete failure, as it wouldn’t encourage my target audience at all, and was very dull to look at.
After failing at using Corel Draw, I turned to a program I’m much more familiar with, Adobe Photoshop. I’ve had much more experience with Photoshop, and have been using it for a much longer time. I found creating the magazine on Adobe Photoshop much easier, this is because it’s specifically image editing software, and I already had all the images that I wanted to use throughout the magazines design at hand, and this enabled me to create a much higher quality media product with much more ease than using Corel Draw. I feel that Adobe Photoshop was much more appropriate for me to use as I had much more experience with it, and was able to do a lot more using Photoshop than I personally would have been able to with Corel Draw, and the feedback I received on my second piece of work was much better than what I had on my first.
  1. Looking back at your preliminary task, what do you feel you have learnt in the progression from it to the full product?
Looking back over all the work I’ve done, I feel that I’ve vastly improved my ICT Skills with creating the new magazine compared to the preliminary task.
As you can see, there’s a vast difference in the quality of the products that I managed to produce. I managed to cut the amount of pictures that I had on the main cover down to 2, and the artist is the main focus of the main picture, I changed this by researching other famous magazines like Kerrang! And Rolling Stones, this makes the main person much more eye catching, and likely to catch the decoders attention if they were looking for a magazine, however the Preliminary task is aimed more at a secondary school, so the target audience for my primary task will inevitably be vastly different compared to my main task, as It would have to be much more colorful and able to be presented to people ages 11-18,
I have also come to notice that leaving any unnecessary white space on the front cover of a magazine can give off a very unprofessional feel, and seem very amateur, this is obvious to me from seeing my main task and my preliminary task, and is something I’ve been able to take on board and make sure I could improve my main task with, as my front cover of the Magazine has no unnecessary white space on it, and is filled with text and an image that contains all the lighter colors on itself, so the eyes are drawn to it, which removes attention from the background and focuses on the artist.
So from what I’ve been able to pick up from my preliminary task I’ve been able to  apply these tips to my main task, this has helped me to improve my products.
Through all of my work, I would say I had to rush my main product which has reduced the overall quality, and have learned that I need to take more time to do things for a higher standard, and also manage my time more efficiently.


Lifestyle Profile


Where do you live?   Sevenoaks

Do you live in a house? Yes

Do you own a MP3? Yes

Male or Female? Male

How much disposable income do you have a month? £ 50

What is your favourite colour? Blue

Do you live with your parents? Yes

Are you currently in a relationship? Yes

Are you currently employed? Yes

Do you go to concerts? Yes

Are you currently in Education? Yes

How old are you? 17

Do  you have siblings? Yes

From the information that I have gathered based on my imaginary entity I will be able to design my magazine based around this person, the magazine that I will be creating will be based on music, of the metal / rock genre, and the target audience it will be aimed at will be 16-25 year old. These are some very popular genres today for young people today, so I would need to design it so that it was eye catching to the audience that I would want to buy it, so that they might buy the magazine. I could also include music based articles that talk about all the popular rock/metal bands, so that it would give the reader a good choice of articles in which they could read about popular bands and upcoming bands, this could  give them a chance to discover new music bands and read about the bands that they would like. I could also include a section on music Video’s that bands could be making etc, all this is based off the questionnaire that I would have my imaginary entity fill out, based around their profile.

Contemporary Challenges to the Magazine Industry.


There are a many problems that can have an impact on the magazine industry, they are: New Technologies, Illiteracy, Distribution costs, Environmentalism, Recession, & Division of Advertising.

New Technologies

New Technologies are very challenging for magazines today, because of the advance in new technologies the sales of magazines have started to drop. In the new day and age you’re able to download and read almost anything online, and because 90% of magazines are aimed at younger audiences aged 10-25 ish, and the younger generations today aren’t interested in purchasing magazines and reading, and would rather be using social networks and playing video games. Personally in my own class room only about 25% of the class actually read a magazine regularly however the majority of the class did have a social network and/or enjoyed playing video games. And because of this, a lot of advertisers have decided to start changing where they’re going to be advertising to social networks and games instead of magazines, this in turn could cause the cost of magazines to go up because they’re getting less money for advertising space, and this would raise the price of the magazines, making it even less likely to get people to purchase them. To help deal with this change, a lot of magazine companies have started releasing E magazines for tablet PC’s and computers, and creating websites to be able to catch up with the ever changing market.

Illiteracy

Illiteracy is a very common problem with society today. And magazines are obviously very heavily with the literacy, even though they contain a lot of images, they’re mainly literacy, many people find a lot of writing very uneasy and puts them off of bothering to start reading the magazine, some magazines have a big lack in pictures as well, because of this a lot of magazines are starting to go out of business, so they’ve started adding more pictures onto the magazines, so that they are more appealing to the younger generations, this can be very troubling for the magazines, as it limits the content the magazine will be able to publish

Distribution costs

As we hit a rougher time in the economy, it has become more expensive for magazine companies to produce and dispatch all of their magazines to the thousands of stores all across the country. This is because of a few contributing factors, such as the cost of fuel increasing, this increases the costs of distribution, so the overall cost of getting the magazines out to the shops increases, the rise in fuel costs also increases the cost of paper, as it’s more expensive for paper to be dispatched. Another reason that the costs of the products would go up is because of printing, printer ink is a very expensive, which makes the costs of the magazines themselves to go up in price, and even if they only cost an extra 30P per magazine, the company prints thousands of magazines at a time, and the cost then skyrockets, causing the shop price of the magazines to go up, which in turn makes people less likely to buy a magazine If it’s going to cost them a lot of money.

Environment

The impact that we humans have on the earth is a great concern for the people of today. Magazines as a media product consist as a lot of paper, varying on all the different sizes or magazines, Although some of the magazines produced today are relatively small in the amount of paper that they use, there’s still thousands of them being produced, and magazines are passed around a lot, so eventually they’re put into bins, instead of being recycled, and used again for magazine, this causes an impact on the environment. One way in which we were able to come up with as a way to combat this was if shops offered any discounts on magazines if people were willing to bring in their old magazines to be recycled, this could help greatly with the environmental impact of just dumping the magazines into bins, and could make the stores have a larger profit by selling on the paper to be recycled and turned into new magazines,

Recession

The economic level in the England lately has been very low, this has made it very hard for people to get jobs, particularly younger people. And without a job, people aren’t earning money, and without money people are cannot afford to purchase luxury items. And people are also being made redundant in the recession, so they’re losing their jobs. One way that the magazine company could help combat this problem would be if they were willing to lower their prices a bit so that the magazines could become more affordable; however they would have to keep the prices high enough so that they wouldn’t start to lose money.

Division of Advertising Budget

Advertisers today have to be smart where they spend their money, as they would want their advertisements to reach as many people that they can, so they would have to start advertising their products somewhere where a lot of people who would fit into their target audience would go or see it, such as on a social networking website, millions and millions of people browse social networks on a daily bases, and many times a day, advertising there could increase sales of the business vastly.


Research on Kerrang!